岩矿测试

文章摘要

贺灵,孙彬彬,吴超,成晓梦,吴正丰,周荣强,候树军.浙江省江山市猕猴桃果园土壤环境质量与生态风险评价[J].岩矿测试,2019,38(5):524-533

HE Ling,SUN Bin-bin,WU Chao,CHENG Xiao-meng,WU Zheng-feng,ZHOU Rong-qiang,HOU Shu-jun.Assessment of Soil Environment Quality and Ecological Risk for Kiwifruit Orchards in Jiangshan City, Zhejiang Province[J].Rock and Mineral Analysis,2019,38(5):524-533.DOI:10.15898/j.cnki.11-2131/td.201901080003

浙江省江山市猕猴桃果园土壤环境质量与生态风险评价

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Assessment of Soil Environment Quality and Ecological Risk for Kiwifruit Orchards in Jiangshan City, Zhejiang Province

投稿时间：2019-01-08 修订日期：2019-05-28

DOI：10.15898/j.cnki.11-2131/td.201901080003

中文关键词: 猕猴桃果园土壤环境质量重金属生态风险评价原子荧光光谱法电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法

英文关键词: kiwifruit orchard soil environment quality heavy metals ecological risk assessment atomic fluorescence spectrometry inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry

基金项目:中国地质调查局地质调查项目（DD20160320-02）

作者	单位
贺灵	国土资源部地球化学探测技术重点实验室, 中国地质科学院地球物理地球化学勘查研究所, 河北廊坊 065000 联合国教科文组织全球尺度地球化学国际研究中心, 河北廊坊 065000
孙彬彬	国土资源部地球化学探测技术重点实验室, 中国地质科学院地球物理地球化学勘查研究所, 河北廊坊 065000 联合国教科文组织全球尺度地球化学国际研究中心, 河北廊坊 065000
吴超	国土资源部地球化学探测技术重点实验室, 中国地质科学院地球物理地球化学勘查研究所, 河北廊坊 065000 联合国教科文组织全球尺度地球化学国际研究中心, 河北廊坊 065000
成晓梦	国土资源部地球化学探测技术重点实验室, 中国地质科学院地球物理地球化学勘查研究所, 河北廊坊 065000 联合国教科文组织全球尺度地球化学国际研究中心, 河北廊坊 065000
吴正丰	江山市自然资源和规划局, 浙江江山 324100
周荣强	江山市林业局, 浙江江山 324100
候树军	国土资源部地球化学探测技术重点实验室, 中国地质科学院地球物理地球化学勘查研究所, 河北廊坊 065000

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中文摘要:

果园土壤环境与果品产量和质量及食用安全性关系密切。已有研究表明目前我国猕猴桃果园土壤中普遍存在养分含量不足、分布不均的问题，个别地区发现有重金属含量超标的现象。浙江省近年来猕猴桃种植面积连年扩大，已是我国重要的猕猴桃产区之一。为查明该省江山市猕猴桃果园土壤环境质量现状，本文选择了两处典型猕猴桃果园采集土壤、岩石、果实样品，采用原子荧光光谱、电感耦合等离子体发射光谱等技术测定土壤和岩石样品中的重金属、养分元素、土壤理化指标和果实样品中的重金属含量。以果园土壤中养分元素丰缺与影响因素、重金属元素含量与果实食用安全性为主要研究内容，开展了猕猴桃果园土壤环境质量与生态风险评价。结果表明：①两处果园土壤中Ag、Bi、Co、Cr、Ni、Sb、Se、V、SiO₂等含量低于衢州市和浙江省土壤背景值，Pb、Al₂O₃等高于衢州市和浙江省土壤背景值，土壤中元素含量受自然地质背景控制的特征明显；②土壤pH值范围为4.61~6.30，按DZ/T 0295-2016《土地质量地球化学评价规范》中土壤酸碱度分级标准，属于强酸性和酸性土壤；③养分元素K、Ge、Mo、Zn较丰富，但N、P、Mn、S较缺乏；④土壤中As、Cd、Cr、Cu、Hg、Ni、Pb、Zn含量最大值分别为21.84、0.22、23.53、20.47、0.06、8.82、53.84、133mg/kg，远低于农用地土壤污染风险筛选值（pH ≤ 5.5时标准限值分别为40、0.3、150、150、1.3、60、70、200mg/kg），土壤污染风险低；⑤猕猴桃果实中的重金属含量低于绿色食品限值和食品卫生标准限值，如As含量最高为0.009mg/kg，其限值分别为0.2mg/kg和0.5mg/kg。整体上，研究区土壤具有养分分布不均匀、重金属含量低、酸性强的特点，建议采取科学措施补充和平衡土壤养分，防范土壤酸化导致的重金属活化风险。

英文摘要:

BACKGROUND:The orchard soil environment is closely related to kiwifruit yield, quality and its edible safety. Research shows that the nutrient insufficiency and uneven distribution in kiwifruit orchard soil is a common problem in China, and in some areas, the content of heavy metals in soil has been found to exceed the environmental quality standard for soils. In recent years, the planting area of Kiwifruit in Zhejiang Province has been expanded year by year, being one of the important kiwifruit producing areas in China.
OBJECTIVES:To study the present situation of soil environmental quality in kiwifruit orchards in Jiangshan City, Zhejiang Province.
METHODS:Two typical kiwifruit orchards were selected to collect samples of soil, rock and fruit, and the content of heavy metals, nutrients and physical and chemical parameters of soil and rock samples were determined by atomic fluorescence spectrometry (AFS) and inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). The environmental quality and ecological risk assessment of orchard soil were carried out with the main research contents of nutrient abundance and deficiency in orchard soil, influence factors, heavy metal content and fruit edible safety.
RESULTS:The results showed that the content of Ag, Bi, Co, Cr, Ni, Sb, Se, V and SiO₂ in the soil of the two orchards were lower than those of Quzhou City and Zhejiang Province, while Pb and Al₂O₃ contents were higher than those of Quzhou City and Zhejiang Province. The characteristics of soil element content were obviously controlled by the natural geological background. Soil pH value ranged from 4.61 to 6.30. According to the classification standard in DZ/T 0295-2016, the soils in the studied area belonged to strong acidic and acidic soils. Nutrient elements K, Ge, Mo and Zn were abundant, but N, P, Mn and S were deficient. The maximum value of As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb and Zn in the soil samples were 21.84, 0.22, 23.53, 20.47, 0.06, 8.82, 53.84 and 133mg/kg, respectively, which were far lower than the screening value of soil pollution risk for agricultural land (standard limit were 40, 0.3, 150, 150, 1.3, 60, 70, 200mg/kg when pH ≤ 5.5). The risk of soil pollution was low. The contents of heavy metals in kiwifruit fruit were lower than the limits of green food and food hygiene standards. For example, the highest content of As was 0.009mg/kg, the limit were 0.2mg/kg and 0.5mg/kg, respectively.
CONCLUSIONS:On the whole, the soils in the study area have the characteristics of strong acidity, uneven distribution of nutrients and low content of heavy metals. It is necessary to take scientific measures to supple and balance soil nutrients and prevent the risk of heavy metals activation caused by soil acidification.

主管单位：	中国科学技术协会
主办单位：	中国地质学会岩矿测试技术专业委员会国家地质实验测试中心